I. Incamake y'inganda
Impumuro nziza ivuga ibirungo bitandukanye nibirungo bya sintetike nkibikoresho nyamukuru, hamwe nibindi bikoresho byunganira ukurikije formulaire yumvikana hamwe nuburyo bwo gutegura uburyohe runaka bwuruvange rugoye, bikoreshwa cyane muburyo bwibicuruzwa byose.Ibiryo ni ijambo rusange muburyohe bwo kuvoma ibintu byakuwe cyangwa byabonetse muburyo bwubukorikori, kandi nigice cyingenzi cyimiti myiza.Flavour nigicuruzwa kidasanzwe gifitanye isano cyane nubuzima bwabantu, kizwi nka "monosodium glutamate yinganda", ibicuruzwa byacyo bikoreshwa cyane munganda zibiribwa, inganda zikora imiti ya buri munsi, inganda zikora imiti, inganda z itabi, inganda zimyenda, inganda zimpu nizindi nganda.
Mu myaka yashize, politiki nyinshi zashyize ahagaragara ibisabwa byinshi mu micungire y’inganda zihumura neza n’impumuro nziza, umutekano, imiyoborere y’ibidukikije, no gutandukanya ibiribwa.Ku bijyanye n’umutekano, politiki isaba “guteza imbere iyubakwa rya gahunda igezweho yo gucunga umutekano w’ibiribwa”, no guteza imbere cyane ikoranabuhanga ry’ibimera no gutunganya;Ku bijyanye n’imiyoborere y’ibidukikije, politiki ishimangira ko ari ngombwa kugera ku “cyatsi kibisi gito cya karuboni, umuco w’ibidukikije”, no guteza imbere iterambere risanzwe kandi ryizewe ry’inganda zihumura neza n’impumuro nziza;Ku bijyanye n’ibiribwa bitandukanye, politiki ishishikariza guhindura no kuzamura inganda z’ibiribwa, bityo bigateza imbere iterambere ry’inganda zo hepfo y’ibiryo n'impumuro nziza.Inganda zihumura neza nimpumuro nziza nkibikoresho fatizo byimiti ninganda zikora imiti, ibidukikije bikaze bizatuma imishinga mito ifite imiyoborere idahwitse y’ibidukikije ihura n’igitutu kinini, kandi ibigo bifite igipimo runaka n’amahame y’imiyoborere y’ibidukikije bifite amahirwe meza yo kwiteza imbere.
Ibikoresho fatizo by uburyohe nimpumuro nziza cyane birimo mint, indimu, roza, lavender, vetiver nibindi bimera by ibirungo, na musk, ambergris nandi matungo (ibirungo).Ikigaragara ni uko inzira y’inganda zikora inganda zikubiyemo ubuhinzi, amashyamba, ubworozi n’indi mirima myinshi, birimo gutera, ubworozi, ubumenyi bw’ubuhinzi n’ikoranabuhanga, gusarura no gutunganya n’andi masano ashingiye ku mutungo.Kubera ko uburyohe n'impumuro nziza ari ibintu byingenzi mu biribwa, ibicuruzwa byita ku ruhu, itabi, ibinyobwa, ibiryo ndetse n’inganda zindi, izo nganda zigize inzira y’inganda n’impumuro nziza.Mu myaka ya vuba aha, hamwe n’iterambere ry’inganda zo hepfo, hakenerwa uburyohe bwimpumuro nziza nimpumuro nziza, kandi hasabwa ibisabwa byinshi kubiryohe n'impumuro nziza.
2. Imiterere yiterambere
Hamwe n’iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’ibihugu byo ku isi (cyane cyane ibihugu byateye imbere), gukomeza kuzamura urwego rw’ibikoreshwa, ibyo abantu bakeneye ku bwiza bw’ibiribwa n’ibikenerwa buri munsi bigenda byiyongera, iterambere ry’inganda no gukurura ibicuruzwa by’abaguzi ryihuse iterambere ryinganda zisi ibirungo.Ku isi hari amoko arenga 6.000 y'ibicuruzwa bihumura neza n'impumuro nziza ku isi, kandi ingano y'isoko yavuye kuri miliyari 24.1 z'amadolari muri 2015 igera kuri miliyari 29.9 muri 2023, hamwe no kwiyongera kwa 3.13%.
Umusaruro niterambere ryinganda zihumura nimpumuro nziza, bihujwe niterambere ryibiribwa, ibinyobwa, imiti ya buri munsi nizindi nganda zunganira, impinduka zihuse munganda zo hasi, bigatuma iterambere ryikomeza ryinganda zimpumuro nziza, ubwiza bwibicuruzwa bikomeza gutera imbere , ubwoko bukomeza kwiyongera, nibisohoka bizamuka uko umwaka utashye.Mu 2023, Ubushinwa butanga uburyohe n'impumuro nziza bwageze kuri toni miliyoni 1.371, bwiyongereyeho 2,62%, ugereranije n’umusaruro wabaye muri 2017 wiyongereyeho toni 123.000, naho umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere mu myaka itanu ishize wari hafi 1.9%.Ukurikije icyiciro rusange cy'isoko, umurima wa flavour wagize umugabane munini, ugera kuri 64.4%, ibirungo bingana na 35,6%.
Hamwe n’iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’Ubushinwa no kuzamura imibereho y’igihugu, ndetse no guhererekanya ibihugu by’inganda z’ibiryo ku isi, icyifuzo n’itangwa ry’ibiryo mu Bushinwa bigenda byiyongera ku byerekezo byombi, kandi inganda z’iburyo ziratera imbere byihuse kandi igipimo cy’isoko kikaba kwaguka ubudahwema.Nyuma yimyaka myinshi yiterambere ryihuse, Inganda zikora uburyohe bwimbere mu gihugu nazo zagiye zirangiza buhoro buhoro kuva mubikorwa by’amahugurwa mato bikagera ku musaruro w’inganda, kuva kwigana ibicuruzwa kugera mu bushakashatsi bwigenga n’iterambere, kuva ku bikoresho byatumijwe mu mahanga kugera ku gishushanyo cyigenga no gukora ibikoresho by’umwuga, kuva mu isuzuma ry’imyumvire kugeza ikoreshwa ryibizamini bisobanutse neza, kuva kwinjiza abakozi ba tekinike kugeza kumahugurwa yigenga yabakozi babigize umwuga, kuva gukusanya umutungo wishyamba kugeza kumenyekanisha no guhinga no gushinga ibirindiro.Inganda zikora ibicuruzwa byimbere mu gihugu zagiye zitera imbere buhoro buhoro muri sisitemu yinganda zuzuye.Mu 2023, igipimo cy’isoko ry’impumuro nziza n’Ubushinwa cyageze kuri miliyari 71.322, muri yo umugabane w’isoko ry uburyohe wagize 61%, ibirungo bingana na 39%.
3. Imiterere ihiganwa
Kugeza ubu, iterambere ry’inganda z’ibiryo n’impumuro nziza mu Bushinwa biragaragara.Ubushinwa nabwo butanga umusaruro mwinshi ku isi kandi uhumura neza.Muri rusange, Ubushinwa uburyohe bwimpumuro nziza nimpumuro nziza byateye imbere byihuse kandi butera imbere cyane, kandi n’ibigo byinshi byigenga bishya byigenga nabyo byaragaragaye.Kugeza ubu, inganda zingenzi mu nganda zikora uburyohe n’impumuro nziza mu Bushinwa ni Jiaxing Zhonghua Chemical Co., LTD., Huabao International Holdings Co., LTD., Ubushinwa Bolton Group Co, LTD., Aipu Fragrance Group Co, LTD.
Mu myaka yashize, Itsinda rya Bolton ryashyize mu bikorwa ingufu ingamba ziterambere zishingiye ku guhanga udushya, kongera ishoramari mu bumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga mu bushakashatsi n’iterambere, rikomeza kwigarurira ikoranabuhanga ry’impumuro nziza, biosynthesis, gukuramo ibimera karemano hamwe n’ahantu h’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga, ubutwari bwo kohereza kandi utegure ikarita yiterambere, wubake ihiganwa ryibanze ryumushinga, kwagura inganda zigenda zizaza nka biotechnologie, itabi rya elegitoroniki, ubuvuzi nubuzima, kandi rishyiraho urufatiro rukomeye rwo guta umusingi umaze ibinyejana byinshi.Mu 2023, amafaranga yose yinjije muri Bolton Group yari miliyari 2.352, yiyongereyeho 2.89%.
4. Inzira y'iterambere
Kuva kera, gutanga no gukenera uburyohe n'impumuro nziza byihariwe n'Uburayi bw'Uburengerazuba, Amerika, Ubuyapani n'utundi turere igihe kirekire.Ariko Amerika, Ubudage, Ubufaransa n'Ubwongereza, amasoko yo mu gihugu asanzwe akuze, agomba kwishingikiriza ku bihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere kugira ngo yongere gahunda z’ishoramari kandi akomeze guhangana.Ku isoko ry uburyohe n impumuro nziza kwisi, ibihugu bya gatatu byisi ndetse nuturere nka Aziya, Oseyaniya na Amerika yepfo byahindutse ahantu h’ingenzi mu guhatanira inganda zikomeye.Ibisabwa birakomeye cyane mu karere ka Aziya-Pasifika, bikaba biri hejuru cyane y’ikigereranyo cy’iterambere ry’isi.
1, isi isaba uburyohe n'impumuro nziza bizakomeza kwiyongera.Uhereye ku miterere y’inganda zihumura neza n’impumuro nziza mu myaka yashize, isi ikenera uburyohe n'impumuro nziza biriyongera ku kigero cya 5% ku mwaka.Urebye uko iterambere ryifashe muri iki gihe ry’inganda n’impumuro nziza, nubwo iterambere ry’inganda zihumura mu bihugu byinshi byateye imbere usanga gahoro gahoro, ubushobozi bw’isoko ry’ibihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere buracyari bunini, gutunganya ibiribwa n’inganda zikora ibicuruzwa bikomeje gutera imbere, muri rusange ibicuruzwa byigihugu hamwe ninjiza yumuntu ku giti cye bikomeje kwiyongera, kandi ishoramari mpuzamahanga rirakora, ibi bintu bizateza imbere isi ikeneye uburyohe n'impumuro nziza.
2. Ibihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere bifite amahirwe menshi yo kwiteza imbere.Kuva kera, gutanga no gukenera uburyohe n'impumuro nziza byihariwe n'Uburayi bw'Uburengerazuba, Amerika, Ubuyapani n'utundi turere igihe kirekire.Icyakora, Amerika, Ubudage, Ubufaransa n'Ubwongereza, amasoko yo mu gihugu asanzwe akuze, bagomba kwishingikiriza ku masoko manini yo mu bihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere kugira ngo bagure imishinga ishora imari kandi bakomeze guhangana.Ku isoko ry uburyohe n impumuro nziza kwisi, ibihugu bya gatatu byisi ndetse nuturere nka Aziya, Oseyaniya na Amerika yepfo byahindutse ahantu h’ingenzi mu guhatanira inganda zikomeye.Ibisabwa birakomeye mu karere ka Aziya-Pasifika.
3, imishinga mpuzamahanga yimpumuro nziza nimpumuro nziza yo kwagura umurima w uburyohe bwitabi nimpumuro nziza.Hamwe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda z’itabi ku isi, ishingwa ry’ibirango binini, ndetse no kurushaho kunoza ibyiciro by’itabi, icyifuzo cy’ibihumura n’itabi ryiza cyane na byo biriyongera.Umwanya witerambere ry uburyohe bwitabi nimpumuro nziza urimo gufungurwa, kandi inganda mpuzamahanga zihumura nimpumuro nziza zizakomeza kwaguka mubijyanye nuburyohe bwitabi nimpumuro nziza mugihe kizaza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-05-2024